Pravo okrivljenika na tumačenje i prevođenje u kaznenom postupku kroz prizmu recentne prakse Europskog suda za ljudska prava i Suda EU-a

Dr. sc. Martina Bajčić, docentica Pravnog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Rijeci, Hahlić 6, Rijeka; martina.bajcic@pravri.hr; ORCID ID: orcid.org/0000-0003-0654-6779

Sažetak
Prema članku 6. Europske konvencije za zaštitu ljudskih prava svatko optužen za kazneno djelo ima pravo na besplatnu pomoć tumača ako ne govori jezikom postupka. Iako su sve države članice EU-a potpisale i ratificirale Konvenciju, zamjetne su razlike u načinu i razini ostvarivanja prava na pomoć tumača zajamčenog Konvencijom, ali i u razini zaštite minimalnih prava Direktive 2010/64 o pravu na tumačenje i prevođenje. Upravo iz tog razloga sudska praksa ima ključnu ulogu ne samo u smanjivanju postojećih razlika, već i u pojačavanju uzajamnog povjerenja u kaznenopravne sustave drugih država članica. U radu se analiziraju nedavne presude Europskog suda za ljudska prava i Suda EU-a koje su prokrčile put konkretiziranju pravnih standarda Konvencije te nekih poroznih odredaba Direktive 2010/64 o pravu na tumačenje i prevođenje. Predlažu se konkretne radnje koje države članice moraju nastaviti poduzimati kako bi osigurale potpunu djelotvornost prava na besplatnu pomoć tumača osumnjičenicima i okrivljenicima u kaznenom postupku.

Ključne riječi
pravo na tumačenje i prevođenje; kazneni postupak; Direktiva 2010/64

Hrčak ID: 220237

URI
https://hrcak.srce.hr/220237

Stranice: 223 - 248

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Right to Interpretation and Translation of Accused Persons in Criminal Proceedings Through the Lens of Recent Case Law of the ECHR and the CJEU

Martina Bajčić, Ph. D., Assistant Professor, Faculty of Law, University of Rijeka, Hahlić 6, Rijeka; martina.bajcic@pravri.hr; ORCID ID: orcid.org/0000-0003-0654-6779

Summary
Under Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights, anyone facing a criminal charge must be provided with the services of an interpreter free of charge if he or she does not understand the language of the proceedings. Despite the fact that all EU Member States are signatories to the Convention, they do not meet the above requirement in a uniform way. However, inconsistent implementation of the rights and guarantees enshrined in Article 6 of the Convention runs counter to the aims of strengthening mutual trust and confidence in the criminal justice systems of all Member States and in turn furthering judicial cooperation in the EU. 
Observed in this light, settled case law of the ECHR therefore plays an important role in bridging the differences among the Member States in terms of the protection of legal standards guaranteed under the Convention. By the same token, through its settled case law the CJEU likewise elucidates and develops the notion of common minimum rules pertaining to free and adequate linguistic assistance to all suspected or accused persons who do not speak or understand the language of criminal proceedings, as set out in Directive 2010/64 on the right to interpretation and translation. 
Against this backdrop, this paper analyses recent judgments of the ECHR and the CJEU. Blazing a new trail, the latter courts call on the Member States not only to allow for an effective exercise of the right to interpretation and translation, but to guarantee the best protection of this right in order to safeguard the fairness of proceedings. What is more, the Member States should extend the rights set out in the Directive on the right to interpretation and translation in order to provide a higher level of protection also in situations not dealt with in the Directive.

Key words
right to interpretation and translation; criminal proceedings; Directive 2010/64

Hrčak ID: 220237

URI
https://hrcak.srce.hr/220237

Pages: 223 - 248