Mirela Krešić: “Između zaštite
supruge i očuvanja obiteljske
imovine: Oporučna raspolaganja
u korist bračnoga druga prema
Općem građanskom zakoniku"
Između zaštite supruge i očuvanja obiteljske imovine: Oporučna raspolaganja u korist bračnoga druga prema Općem građanskom zakoniku
Dr. sc. Mirela Krešić, profesorica Pravnog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Trg Republike Hrvatske 14, 10000 Zagreb; mirela.kresic@pravo.unizg.hr; ORCID ID: orcid.org/0000-0001-7065-7129
Sažetak
Rad analizira oporučna raspolaganja u korist bračnoga druga na hrvatsko-slavonskom pravnom području u razdoblju primjene Općega građanskog zakonika. Na temelju ostavinskih spisa kotarskih sudova u Samoboru i Velikoj Gorici, objavljene sudske prakse Banskog stola i Stola sedmorice te suvremene pravne književnosti istražuju se načini na koje su ostavitelji prilagođavali zakonski nasljedni sustav konkretnim obiteljskim i gospodarskim odnosima. Analiza pokazuje da su se oporučna raspolaganja u korist supruge najčešće koristila radi proširenja prava plodouživanja, rjeđe radi prijenosa vlasništva te u pojedinim slučajevima radi isključenja udaljenih krvnih srodnika. Time su ostavitelji prilagođavali zakonski položaj bračnoga druga u okolnostima u kojima formalna spolna neutralnost nasljednog prava nije nužno osiguravala i stvarnu ekonomsku sigurnost. Rad istodobno pokazuje da položaj žena unutar nasljednog sustava nije bio jedinstven: dok su raspolaganja u korist supruge češće služila osiguravanju gospodarske sigurnosti i kontinuiteta kućanstva, u odnosu prema kćerima često su bila povezana s očuvanjem obiteljske imovine unutar krvnog srodstva.
Ključne riječi: Opći građanski zakonik (OGZ); oporučna raspolaganja; bračni drug; plodouživanje; hrvatsko-slavonsko pravno područje
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3935/zpfz.76.3.3
Hrčak ID: 349761
URI: https://hrcak.srce.hr/349761
Stranice: 403-420
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Between the Protection of the Surviving Spouse and the Preservation of Family Property: Testamentary Dispositions in Favour of the Spouse Under the Austrian General Civil Code (ABGB)
Mirela Krešić, Ph. D., Professor, University of Zagreb Faculty of Law, Trg Republike Hrvatske 14, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; mirela.kresic@pravo.unizg.hr; ORCID ID: orcid.org/0000-0001-7065-7129
Summary
This paper analyses testamentary dispositions in favour of the spouse in the Croatian-Slavonian legal area during the period of application of the Austrian General Civil Code (ABGB). Starting from the statutory regulation of the surviving spouse’s position under the ABGB, and drawing on probate records of district courts in Samobor and Velika Gorica, published case law of the Ban’s Table and the Table of Seven, as well as contemporary legal scholarship, the paper examines the ways in which testators used testamentary dispositions to adapt the statutory law of succession to concrete family and economic relationships. The analysis shows that testamentary dispositions in favour of the wife were most commonly used to expand usufructuary rights, less frequently to transfer ownership, and in certain cases to exclude more remote blood relatives from succession. In this way testators adjusted the legal position of the spouse in circumstances in which the formal gender neutrality of succession law did not necessarily ensure actual economic security after the death of one spouse. At the same time, the paper demonstrates that the legal position of women within the succession system was not uniform. While testamentary dispositions in favour of the wife were more often aimed at securing economic stability and preserving the continuity of household life, dispositions concerning daughters frequently served to preserve family property within the circle of blood relatives. More broadly, the paper shows that testamentary practice constituted an important field through which the formal statutory system was adapted to actual family and property relations.
Keywords: Austrian General Civil Code (ABGB); testamentary dispositions; surviving spouse; usufruct; Croatian-Slavonian legal area
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3935/zpfz.76.3.3
Hrčak ID: 349761
URI: https://hrcak.srce.hr/349761
Pages: 403-420